Saturday, January 18, 2020

Media on sex miseducation Essay

This research paper tackles the contentious issues of the impacts of media on sex mis education as well as the child mistreatment. The paper zeros down on the problem by analyzing the prevalence and extend of the problem in the society . It shows the root causes of this problem like the demand for sexual materials by the public that compels the media to mislead the teens on sexual issues as they advertise using such materials and the advancement of technology that has made spread of information to be unlimited. The paper highlights the anticipated risks like social decay, spread of sexually transmitted diseases and upsurge of unwanted pregnancies as the dangers which may arise if the problem is not adequately addressed. Lastly, the paper suggests the possible solutions to this problem as putting in place constitutionally entrenched regulatory agencies to control the content of media products, giving more training to the media personnel on this problem and designing information which portrays the positive aspects of sexuality like family planning as well s being advocator for children’s’ rights. Introduction With the advent of information and communication technology the mass media sector has recorded enormous continuous growth over the last three decades (Keenan, 2007). Basically media refers to the channels that are used to convey information to the people. Media can be classified into two categories namely: the print and the broadcast media. The broadcast media includes the videos, radios, movies, internet, both the cable and broadcast channels and TVs while the print media includes the magazines and the newspapers. Studies have shown that the radio is the leading media for communication in the developing world followed by the TV while in developed countries TV and internet take the lead respectively. The mass media is very vital in the conveyance of information to the people and as such, the content of the information being communicated is of paramount importance since it models the behavior and attitude of people on their daily lives (Turtorn, 2008). This is manifested in the way they respond to their political, economical, social and cultural environments in which they live. Essentially, media has been of great help in all spheres of mankind’s life though with its uncontrolled growth and advancement of technology world over it has resulted to social deterioration and decay. This is has happened in the developed countries and in some urban areas of the developing countries where accessibility to the mass media has increased many folds as compared to the past ( Keenan,2007). Due to this trend, the media has led to sex miseducation and child maltreatment. Studies that have been done by leading research centers from various parts of the globe have indicated that the young people forms the highest number of people who use media with sexually oriented and child abuse programs. This is especially on media like the TV and the internet. The effects of media on sex miseducation While the prime role of any media is to inform the public about various aspects of life affecting them, it is evident that revenue generation has substituted this noble role upon which the purpose of media is anchored. This is primarily taking place due to unrelenting pressure of competition in the media industry from media providers. To fetch more consumers the media they must offer what the consumers demand. Studies have demonstrated that consumers of the media products are mostly attracted by products that are sexually oriented. According to Jacobvirtz (1999), most media providers accrue the highest proceeds from advertisements. As such for the media providers to capture the advertisement revenue, they are indirectly compelled by the consumers to accompany their advertisements with some sexual content which will boost their sales by attracting more customers. Advertisements of this nature take lead in promotions of the tourism, beauty, alcohol and music industries that are of great interest to the youth. In his research Turton (2008),points out that various characteristics of the TV like its accessibility ,popularity ,ability to persuade have made it a prominent instructor that provides a chance for viewers to get informed about matters of sex and sexuality without fear. It presents sex as something for the youth, unmarried, beautiful and who admire to become celebrities. As result of such misconception, this has led to the young people being victims of sexually transmitted diseases and especially the sweeping HIV and AIDS which has prove to be incurable so far. In a study by Braunwald(1995),it was revealed that about 66% of media coverage carry sexual content and during every season the media programs are designed with more sex oriented content compared to the last season. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that media programs that have high popularity among the teenagers contain information that is related to sexual matters. The effects of media on sex miseducation has had far reaching impacts to the youth, for instance studies have revealed that increased accessibility to mass media is directly associated with loss of contentment for virginity among the adolescents. Studies further disclose that teenagers who are for the view that sexual content should be displayed on the mass media have high chances of not being contented with their first encounter of making love. In addition, adolescents who have access to TV programs showing high sexual content, deem the incidences of casual sex experiences positively unlike the teenagers who have not been exposed to such programs. Also, various surveys have disclosed that young people who watch sex related movies are usually against the use of condoms which is unlike to the other youths. Finally ,in a research that was done by the American Association the Pediatrics(AAP) it was demonstrated that youths who were highly exposed to sexual shows over the mass media had increased chances of getting pregnant or impregnating others as compared to their colleagues who lacked exposure to such shows.

Friday, January 10, 2020

Detailed Notes on Classical Oration Essay Samples in Simple Step by Step Order

Detailed Notes on Classical Oration Essay Samples in Simple Step by Step Order How to Choose Classical Oration Essay Samples If more youths set their targets and review their routines as higher school students, they'd be in a position to realize more success. Children are told they have to become excellent grades to be good children. There's no established formula for a superb classical essay but there's sufficient knowledge sharing on this issue. In reality, you can make up any topic you want all on your own, as long because there is unlimited amount of those. This distinguishing quality of this essay demands the writer to deliver his points in a concise way. For example, think about the topic from the aforementioned link regarding traditional versus alternative medication. After the mother's or child's life is in danger. The parents might not be in a position to supply the financial and emotional support to the kid. A kid needs certain conditions so as to live. Childr en also all learn in various ways. Classical Oration Essay Samples - Is it a Scam? Make certain to read your essay and make certain it is logical. Writing a high school essay if you've got the tips about how to do essay effectively. Of all Of the varieties of essay, writing a quick essay may appear to be the easiest. Writing a persuasive essay can be challenging because you're not just presenting the research materials which you have gathered but you're trying to influence your readers. When deciding on a high school essay format, step one is to spot the kind of essay you want to write. There's quite a few essays completed by them. Therefore, many students and employees decide to acquire cheap essay rather than writing it themselves. It isn't as demanding as other varieties of academic papers, but nevertheless, it can provide you an overall insight on writing providing you with the fundamental skills of information gathering, creating an outline, and editing. This provides you with an edge from your classmates. Many people think that high school entrance essays are rather less difficult to write than college entrance essays, that's the reason there are fewer places where you could get assistance with higher school entrance essays. For instance, a classical music essay may be an in-depth review of a certain sort of musical form present over generations. An oration is understood to be a speech that is provided at a distinctive celebration. If it is to be seen as brilliant by ages to come, it must live apart from the specific needs and circumstances of its delivery. It will be summarized with a conclusion and sometimes a call to action, such as supporting a nomination or legislation. Funeral orations are normally formal in nature and their themes sometimes extend past the deaths of the folks who are being mourned. Sidney viewed poetry as a way of producing a separate type of reality. Nonetheless, they're all equally as important hence you must make sure that you produce no mistake when writing. Writing has existed for quite a lengthy time. Typically classic essays are full of content with specialized parts where you're able to find information. Moreover, our English-speaking writers make sure every order has original content and a suitable structure. If you are in need of a website that will supply you with an all-inclusive collection of samples, then you're at the appropriate place. You are able to read more on the subject of t he different citation styles at this site.

Tuesday, December 24, 2019

My Personal Theology Of Preaching Essay - 1819 Words

November 6, 2016 RStump Personal Theology of Preaching My personal theology of preaching has evolved in surprising and inspiring ways this semester as my pastoral identity has become clearer through my exegetical explorations, further discernment of my pastoral call, and my ministerial experiences with both my supervisor and the church members at my supervised ministry placement. This ongoing formation of my pastoral identity has been a journey of personal discovery of both my gifts and weaknesses, as well as a deep exploration of my faith in God. In fact, I have come to realize that there is a direct correlation between the images of God which resonate deepest within me and my understanding of my pastoral calling. One of the most powerful image of God for me continues to be that of the Good Shepherd. God, the Sustainer, Guide, and Protector, revealed so powerful in this image of a shepherd caring for the flock, exemplifies one of the most important roles of a pastor. In administering pastoral care to those who have put their trust in me, I feel I am following Jesus’ example, a concept which is central to the way in which I live and share my faith with others. A dear friend of mine once said a Christian preacher should always incorporate the good news of Jesus Christ in each and every sermon as a witness of faith. Yet, I realize this can be a challenging goal at times, especially if I choose to strictly adhere to only the texts assigned by the common lectionary forShow MoreRelatedThe And Of The Preachers1173 Words   |  5 Pagespreachers presented I am challenged in my recognizing their gifts and yet feeling an inadequate connection. Perhaps it was the predominance of traditional theologies found in most mainline protestant denominations that while safe and predictable, were personally not fully relatable. This I found ironic considering I would be identified as a white male from an affluent background with this being what I would have always known of as homiletics. Perhaps it is from personal expe rience of how being gay can moveRead MoreAnalysis Of Dangerous Calling1042 Words   |  5 Pagesknowledge of the Bible but do not have the heart knowledge. A lot of young men who are the students of the Bible have a danger of academizing their faith. Instead rely on the work on the Cross, they rely on their degrees, theology to through their ministry. The problem is theology does not grow a pastor, is the gospel of Jesus Christ from God (1 Corinthians 2:1-5). A pastor who academizes their faith does not have humble hearts before God. Instead of relying the magnitude of God’s love and power throughRead MoreThe And Social Justice Advocacy1697 Words   |  7 Pagesdo I preach a word that is true to my beliefs, is theologically sound, and is of spiritual value to the receiver in their own context? At the very basic level of my theology, I believe in a creative force that has brought all things into being, and this force is the ground of all being; it holds all things together and wishes to move all things toward the force’s goal for creation. We can call this the numinous, the mana, the Supreme Being, God—for my theology the term is flexible and changes withRead MoreThe History Of Christianity1101 Words   |  5 PagesIt is never enough for a student of theology to receive historical narratives of contexts that speak about the evil and corruption of humankind, at the same it is important for the student as well as the reader of this paper to be reminded how meaningful it is to read into the culture of certain people with respect to history and culture of their time. This week’s readings present a historical overview of Christianity in the U.S., beginning from 1942 until the present. I intend to draw parallelsRead MoreJohn Wilson And Thomas Church1749 Word s   |  7 Pages Among all the authors this semester that I encountered, my strongest connections were near the beginning of the semester. It is difficult to pick one favorite, because of commonality across the voices of Thomas Long, Paul Wilson, and Frank Thomas. In varying combinations, they share certain beliefs about both the form and function of sermons. Wilson and Thomas both structure their sermons around parallel points: trouble in the Bible, trouble in our time, grace in the Bible, and grace in ourRead MorePersonal Theology Of Preaching And Ministry Essay1748 Words   |  7 Pages Personal Theology Of Preaching And Ministry Nicole Vogel 12/6/2016 SEPL610 Practice of Preaching Professor Suzanne Duchesne As a future minister, I recognize the importance in understanding my theological perspective which has an effect on my understanding of the role as a minster and particularly the role of preaching. One’s personal theology affects the neurological wiring in one’s brain which unconsciously influences decisions and actions. There are specific theological views that IRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Preaching Essay1852 Words   |  8 PagesMy personal theology of preaching has evolved in surprising and inspiring ways this semester as my pastoral identity has become clearer through my exegetical explorations, further discernment of my pastoral call, and my ministerial experiences with both my supervisor and the church members at my supervised ministry placement. This ongoing formation of my pastoral identity has been a journey of personal discovery of both my gifts and weaknesses, as well as a deep exploration of my faith in God. Read MoreTheology Is The Science Of God And The Universe961 Words   |  4 Pagesto God, theology is about God and His plan for man. Theology is the science of God and the relations between God and the universe.† In order to first understand if theology is important or not in our lives, it is vital to understand what theology is. In the simplest definition of theology according to Merriam Webster dictionary is â€Å"the study of religious faith, practice, and experience or the study of God and God’s relation to the world.† The more in depth definition of Christian theology on the otherRead MoreDiscipleship : Being, Doing And Proclaiming The Gospel Of Jesus Christ1725 Words   |  7 Pagespower of one s personal testimony, the importance of evangelism and discipleship through relationships. II. Evangelism as a way of life: The passion for evangelism begins and ends with Jesus Christ. Recently I was called to the bedside of a dear friend before surgery. Little did I know that I would be preaching her funeral shortly thereafter. The question that came to mind, for me was, If I died right now, how sure would I be that I have eternal life. Although I grieve the loss of my friend, I wasRead MoreJonathan Edwards : A Great Shepherd Of Early Colonial Theology And Revivalism1214 Words   |  5 PagesJonathan Edwards: A Great Shepherd of Early Colonial Theology and Revivalism Jonathan Edwards (1703-1759) played a historical part in American Christianity as we know it today. He was a notorious religious figure during a time when Congregationalists were determined to adhere to the religious styles of old. His intellectual and theological reason, along with his fervent zeal fueled by the Holy Spirit, makes him one of the greatest evangelistic preachers and apologists of all time. His life,

Monday, December 16, 2019

Little Falls Hospital Free Essays

For the past six months, Lydia, who is paralyzed from a car accident and can only communicate through nodding her head, has been receiving life sustaining support from the staff at Little Falls Hospital. It is uncertain if Lydia is able to understand any information about her current situation and is able to make any decisions for herself. Lydia prepared an advance directive before the accident, but the advance directive cannot be located. We will write a custom essay sample on Little Falls Hospital or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are two laws that can be taken into account for this situation, the New York Health Care Proxy Law and the New York’s Family Health Care Decision Making Act (FHCDA). Under the New York Health Care Proxy Law, Lydia’s husband, Mr. Bevins, who is her legal guardian, which also makes him the surrogate decision maker under the New York Health Care Proxy Law, has the legal right to make the decisions on her health care in her behalf. Being respectful of his wife’s wishes, Mr. Bevins is asking that the life sustaining support be withdrawn. However, Lydia’s mom, Eileen Redfield, believes that her daughter has a chance to recover and does not support Mr. Bevins’ decision. New York’s Family Health Care Decision Making Act (FHCDA) â€Å"establishes the authority of a patient’s family member or close friend to make health care decisions for the patient in cases where the patient lacks decisional capacity and did not leave prior instructions or appoint a health care agent. This â€Å"surrogate† decision maker would also be empowered to direct the withdrawal or withholding of life-sustaining treatment when standards set forth in the statute are satisfied.† With Mr. Bevins being the appointed guardian, it gives him the right to make the decisions on his wife’s behalf. Since there is uncertainty as to whether Lydia can make her own decisions, the doctors would have to confirm that Lydia is no longer capable of making decisions for herself before this right can be enacted. It is critical that the physician determines whether Lydia is incapacitated and that her treatment is ineffectual before any life support decisions can be made. If it is found that Lydia is capable of making her own decision, she would need to give informed consent for any procedures or withdrawals of treatment. When the physician determines that Lydia is incapacitated and that treatment is ineffectual, there are three options to consider. The first option would be to continue with the current active treatment How to cite Little Falls Hospital, Papers

Sunday, December 8, 2019

19846 Essay Example For Students

19846 Essay War is peace. Freedom is slavery. Ignorance is strength. This is the slogan of the Ministry of Truth, a branch of the totalitarian government in post-war London. The figurehead of this government is Big Brother, who employs a vast army of informers called the Thought Police who watch and listen to every citizen at all times through a device called a telescreen for the least signs of criminal deviation or unorthodox thoughts. This novel, like Orwells earlier work Animal Farm and Aldous Huxleys Brave New World, is an example of anti-utopian fiction, that kind of fiction which shows man at the mercy of some force over which he has no control. Anti-utopian novels are usually intended as a criticism of the time in which the author lives. Nineteen Eighty Four, a satire of totalitarian barbarism told through the eyes of Winston Smith, is no exception. Orwell deliberately keeps the plot in 1984 simple, without any narrative twists or shocking surprises until the very end. He is very careful to present the idea that it is our society and government, not people, that are mixed up. The plot is not merely a boy meets girl story, but helps to pull the characters through the story. For Orwells purposes, the plot need not be too complex, for it might detract from his message. By keeping the time frame of 1984 to a short period and involving relatively few main characters, Orwell focuses on the important issues of totalitarianism and total government control through brainwashing. In connection with the plot of this novel, Orwells setting is of supreme importance, for it creates the ambience of the story. Orwells setting is well done, and helps formulate the readers opinions about what he is reading. Nineteen Eighty Four begins in spring, the traditional time of rebirth and romance. But the reader soon learns this is not an accurate description of the times. The air is cold and the city is a ruin. With just a few indications of setting, the reader begins to understand what this novel stands for. London, a city central to the Western tradition and one of the most beautiful cities in the world, has been destroyed through the revolution from capitalism to totalitarianism. It is virtually an open sewer. Everything, from the language and culture to its history and people, is being demolished. Orwell also uses setting to communicate mood and situations, arousing hate in the reader towards Ingsoc and Big Brother. The best examples of this are the Two Minutes Hate and Winstons electroshock treatment. By using normal surroundings and twisting them, Orwell communicates the idea that our own world is vulnerable to the tyranny portrayed in Oceania. In 1984, Orwell manipulates his setting so that once the reader has finished the book, he carries Orwells ideas and feelings about totalitarianism into life. Orwells diction and style are powerful and overwhelming. He describes pain and suffering in graphic detail, and his presentation keeps the reader alert by shifting su ddenly in unexpected directions. In this novel, Orwell wonderfully implements a dichotomy between the reality of our world and the unreality of fiction. The barrier between what is real and what is depicted in the novel is obliterated as Orwell satirizes and mimics contemporary society. Orwells style captivates the reader into the reality of the world in 1984. In a complex work such as 1984, there are numerous structural relationships upon which the author bases his central themes and ideas. Orwell comments on politics, economics, war, love, and truth among other things. In the microcosm of 1984, the love which develops between Winston and Julia is exemplary of the struggle of those who have to exist in a society which scorns love and sexual desire. The Partys altering of the past in order to deceive its citizens and create in them a sense of utopia is designed to reveal the conflict between truth and the mutability of truth. Obviously the most important theme of the novel centers a round the evils of totalitarianism. Orwell portrays not just what the world is becoming, but what it is. The bewildering and anti-human experience of a person living in a totalitarian state is likely to bring about the kind of alienation apparent in 1984. Winston, the most obvious example, is severely cut off from the outside world. Alone and lonely, he feels alienated from his family, his neighbors, and the rest of society. Even with Julia, Winston does not find someone who shares the same thoughts and opinions that he does. He hates women and children. The Partys war against love and sex for purposes other than reproduction has succeeded in cutting off Winston from half of the human race. As a result of the Partys oppression, Winstons psychological and sexual life has been crippled. Winston is able to perform his duties for the Party without thought or question, but inwardly he represses every contrary or unorthodox thought in the vain hope that he will not be discovered by the Th ought Police. Secretly he despises the mindless Party members who are so intellectually and spiritually brainwashed that they can be easily led and made to do anything. Winstons diary is his attempt to leave behind some record of the evils of Ingsoc, yet he is unable to write anything more than rambling incoherences, as he has alienated himself from his own feelings. Winston does not actively or consciously estrange himself from the rest of society. Rather, his alienation is a passive response to a world he cannot endure, and he effectively shuts the door on the outside world. Nineteen Eighty Four suggests that the government alienates each member of society from one another, and warns the reader what life can be like without the privileges of fundamental civil and human rights. Through the character of Winston Smith, Orwell shows the destruction of the sane individual who can not adapt to an insane society. Bibliography:Mine .ua1a011814a1061b7da63ada9370fa882 , .ua1a011814a1061b7da63ada9370fa882 .postImageUrl , .ua1a011814a1061b7da63ada9370fa882 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua1a011814a1061b7da63ada9370fa882 , .ua1a011814a1061b7da63ada9370fa882:hover , .ua1a011814a1061b7da63ada9370fa882:visited , .ua1a011814a1061b7da63ada9370fa882:active { border:0!important; } .ua1a011814a1061b7da63ada9370fa882 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua1a011814a1061b7da63ada9370fa882 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua1a011814a1061b7da63ada9370fa882:active , .ua1a011814a1061b7da63ada9370fa882:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua1a011814a1061b7da63ada9370fa882 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua1a011814a1061b7da63ada9370fa882 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua1a011814a1061b7da63ada9370fa882 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua1a011814a1061b7da63ada9370fa882 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua1a011814a1061b7da63ada9370fa882:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua1a011814a1061b7da63ada9370fa882 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua1a011814a1061b7da63ada9370fa882 .ua1a011814a1061b7da63ada9370fa882-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua1a011814a1061b7da63ada9370fa882:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Essay on The Impacts of the Columbian Exchange Essay

Saturday, November 30, 2019

Solar Photovoltaic Essay Example

Solar Photovoltaic Essay Solar energy has many advantages, one of which is its renewable supply which is environment friendly. In contrast to fossil fuels, solar energy is obtainable almost anywhere here on Earth and this particular source of energy is free of charge as well as impervious to mounting energy prices. Solar energy could also be used in different manners, it could be used to supply heat, lighting, mechanical power as well as for electricity. Sunlight could produce electricity by making use of photovoltaic. Photovoltaic or solar cells are means for semiconductor and they are generally made of silicon which does not hold liquids. Aside from that PVs are also caustic chemicals. They manufacture electricity given that a light burnishes on them, they also need only trivial preservation, they do not contaminate and they function in a very silent manner. All of these make photovoltaic energy the cleanest as well as the safest means of power production (Go Solar Company 2007). Solar cells have a wide assortment of sizes but usually they are 10 cm x 10 cm and engender almost half a volt of electricity, they are also bunched collectively in modules or groups in order to generate higher voltages and amplified power. A 12-volt module, for an instance, based on its power productivity, could possibly have 30-40 photovoltaic cells. Photovoltaic panels are not extremely effective, producing just 12-15% of the sun’s light into electricity; however, laboratory samples are accomplishing 30% effectiveness (Go Solar Company 2007). We will write a custom essay sample on Solar Photovoltaic specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Solar Photovoltaic specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Solar Photovoltaic specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Photovoltaic modules also produce direct current or the type of electricity generated by batteries. Even though radiant lights could activate on direct current, the majority of electric apparatus necessitate 120-volt alternating current as provided by efficacies. A tool which is called an inverter converts direct current into alternating current. Inverters differ in size as well as on the value of electricity they deliver. When probing the price of photovoltaic systems, a buyer ought to take into account a number of things. First is that photovoltaic modules are technically well established, it also have an expected eservice time of thirty years. Also, as a modular system it have the capability to expand from a milli-watt system into a megawatt system which permits the elasticity required to gather mounting energy requirements. Photovoltaic is a lucrative and practical alternative for those who live in secluded districts wherein utilities could charge $18, 000 up to $60,000 per kilometer to operate a power line into an isolated region (Cogeneration Technologies, et al. 2002). In places wherein there are both severe as well as off-grid necessity for electricity, there is an inadequate source of workable supply of energy. Customarily, electricity in the north has been supplied by diesel production, which is expensive, due to exalted fuel transportation expenses and, if a leak takes place, destructive to the local environment that is why it is mostly in these regions that photovoltaic, a clean and dependable supply of electricity, is very promising. Photovoltaic systems in northern areas should be technologically flexible to endure severe weather conditions as well as to supply electricity when there are sizeable cyclic instabilities in solar radiation (Cogeneration Technologies, et al. 2002). In the developing world, where there is plentiful sunlight as well as a sizeable rural populace without the proper infrastructure to advance an electrical grid, photovoltaic is viewed as very appealing alternative mainly due to its modular facets, its capability to produce electricity at the concrete time of use, its low maintenance necessities and its non-contaminating technologies. Photovoltaic is also essential to rural health clinics in developing countries since these clinics need electricity for lighting, vaccine refrigeration as well as water pumping and purification thus photovoltaic proved to be a dependable method for these remote clinics.